TOD Beneficiary: What You Should Know | Portland, Oregon Estate Attorney

Your named beneficiaries will likely have to go through probate to receive your real property after your death if it is only in your name and not held in trust. Although transferring property into trust can ensure your family does not have to wait for a judge to validate your will before distributing your assets, it might not make sense for your situation.

Another beneficial method is a transfer-on-death (TOD) deed. A TOD deed transfers a person’s real property to named beneficiaries upon the transferor’s death. It is similar to a transfer-on-death registration for an investment account or a payable-on-death designation for a bank account.

These deeds are not for everyone. If your beneficiaries would need to sell the property before the 18-month wait period after your death is over, this may not be the right option for you. Additionally, it doesn’t help you if you’re incapacitated and your family needs to sell your property. The TOD deed only takes effect after your death.

You have control over your real property during your lifetime, even with a TOD beneficiary designation. You can choose to keep it, sell it, or do anything else you want. You are also responsible for the taxes and mortgage on the property. As long as you still own the property when you die, the TOD deed will avoid probate and automatically transfer the property to your beneficiaries.

How to Set Up a TOD Deed

Not all states have laws allowing TOD deeds. The property you own must be in a state with TOD deed laws. The steps to create a deed differ from one state to another but typically require that you:

·       Draft the deed – First, you must draft the TOD deed and ensure it complies with state laws. If you live in one state and your property is in another, you must follow the laws of the state where the property is situated. The language should clarify that the deed isn't effective until you die. Until then, you have total control over the property.

·       Choose a beneficiary – You can choose one or multiple people and/or organizations as your beneficiary. You should plan for the unexpected and name alternate beneficiaries in case the first one passes away before you do. If you choose more than one beneficiary, you should indicate how they should split the property. For example, you can decide whether two beneficiaries will have equal ownership shares.

·       Provide a legal description – You must use the proper legal description in your deed to describe the property. Official property records, mortgage documents, or sales contracts should contain this language.

·       Sign the deed – Your TOD deed won’t be legally enforceable unless you sign it. You should be the only person required to sign if you are the sole owner of the property. If you’re married and live in a community property state, your spouse might also have to sign the deed, as well. Co-owning property with someone as tenants in common allows you to designate a TOD beneficiary only for your share of the property. All co-owners must sign the deed, and it isn't effective until the last surviving owner dies.

·       Record the deed – You might need to sign the deed in front of a notary public, depending on state laws. You should file it with the appropriate land records authority, such as a land registrar, county clerk, or recorder’s office. This is a vital step because the TOD deed will not be valid and legally enforceable unless you record it. Your beneficiary cannot record it after your death.

Contact Us Today to Speak with an Experienced Portland, Oregon Estate Lawyer

Do not hesitate to contact us if you're considering creating a TOD deed. Since you must follow various state laws and procedures to file a valid deed, allowing an experienced lawyer to assist you is critical.

Drafting your own deed could lead to a range of complications. If you make a mistake, your beneficiaries might not be able to receive your property without going to court first. Additionally, confusion about the language in the document could create disputes within your family and require a judge to resolve the issue. Don’t go it alone; let us help. To schedule an appointment at our Portland, Oregon law firm, simply call (503) 235-5150 or email us.

If you want to get started on your estate plan, read about our estate planning services and schedule an appointment.

To your family's health + happiness.

~Candice N. Aiston